Section 15 · Monograph

Vancomycin

Reviewed Nov 2026FDA label
VancocinGlycopeptide
Forms
IV: 500mg, 1g, 1.5g, 5g, 10g vials
Dose
Meningitis (adjunct): 15-20mg/kg IV q8-12h, level/AUC-guided
MOA
Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis

Indications

  • Serious gram-positive infections including MRSA and penicillin-resistant pneumococcal meningitis (adjunct to empiric bacterial meningitis therapy)FDA-labeled
  • Oral vancomycin for C. difficile infectionFDA-labeled

Mechanism of Action

  • Glycopeptide antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding D-Ala-D-Ala terminus of peptidoglycan precursors

Full Dosing

Adult / usual

  • Empiric meningitis: 15-20mg/kg IV every 8-12 hours, guided by AUC/trough monitoring
  • Infuse no faster than 10mg/min to avoid infusion reaction

Renal

  • Adjust for renal function; intraventricular use is specialist-directed

Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity to vancomycin

Drug Interactions

  • Aminoglycosides, piperacillin-tazobactam and loop diuretics increase nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity risk
  • May potentiate neuromuscular blockers

Adverse Effects

  • Vancomycin infusion reaction (flushing, rash, hypotension)
  • Nephrotoxicity
  • Ototoxicity
  • Neutropenia with prolonged use
  • Thrombophlebitis

Monitoring Parameters

  • Serum level or AUC
  • Serum creatinine at least 2-3 times weekly
  • CBC

Pregnancy & Lactation

  • Limited data; used when indicated
  • Excreted in milk; poor oral absorption in infants

References

  1. Vancomycin Injection Prescribing Information — DailyMed (NIH) search